Amid the escalating Israeli–Iranian confrontation, Azerbaijan has underscored its commitment to neutrality and warned against any use of its territory for third-party attacks.

Azerbaijan and Israel have maintained strategic relations for decades, grounded in shared interests and extensive military cooperation. Baku is a key supplier of oil to Israel, while it acquires advanced Israeli weaponry—drones, air-defence systems and cutting-edge security technologies. Relations deepened after the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, when Israeli arms played a decisive role in Azerbaijan’s battlefield success. Both countries also share concerns over Iran’s regional ambitions and its nuclear programme.

A delicate geopolitical position

With the conflict between Israel and Iran spilling over into direct strikes and counter-strikes, Azerbaijan now finds itself in a particularly delicate geopolitical position. While its alliance with Israel runs deep, it shares a long border with Iran and hosts a significant ethnic Azerbaijani population within Iran’s borders.